Climate Impacts in California

This is the fifth installment in a series of posts on California's climate leadership. These posts address a wide range of related topics including economic benefits, renewable energy, electric vehicles, and cap-and-trade.

 California Governor Jerry Brown is emphatic in his conviction that fact-based appraisals of the implications of climate change are essential.  Although Brown is aware that fear causes many to turn away from climate impacts, as all responsible leaders should, he welcomes the facts as they are, not as he would like them to be. Facing the truth about climate change takes courage and Brown has that kind of courage.  "Most people don’t want to think about catastrophe, I am not one of those people. I like to think about catastrophe."
 

Sea level rise

Sea level rise is the biggest climate threat faced by California. The economic toll of sea level rise alone convincingly makes the point that climate change will incur trillions in costs. A recent 71-page study indicates that sea level rise will indeed be catastrophic in California. As reported by Kurtis Alexander in SF Gate, the report predicts that the Bay Area will see 3.4 to 10 feet of sea level rise by end of the century.

The melting of the Antarctic ice sheet could raise ocean levels by a staggering 187 feet. This has especially dire implications for California which is subject to disproportionate impacts from melting ice at the south pole. The research suggests that for every foot of global sea-level rise caused by melting ice in the western Antarctic, California will see an addition 25 percent increase.

California is trying to address the threat head-on. There is a statewide policy on sea-level rise that offers guidance to state agencies and local governments that assist with planning, permitting, investment, and other decisions.

Drought

California has suffered from catastrophic drought and even thought the drought conditions have abated there is an ongoing groundwater problem associated with extensive irrigation. This finding is corroborated by a NASA report that noted an acceleration in the speed at which the ground is sinking. This is associated with groundwater pumping in California’s most productive agricultural regions.

The costs of drought extend beyond agriculture. A six-year drought led to the unprecedented death of more than one million trees. As reported in the San Francisco Chronicle more than a million tree deaths have been recorded by the aerial survey. In total, 7.7 million trees have died accounting for more than one-third of all the trees in the state. Dead trees have contributed to the record-setting number of forest fires in California.

Forest fires

Climate change is exacerbating the number and size of forest fires. Increasing temperatures and drought have produced a lot of fires in the Golden State and the situation is getting worse. According to CNBC, three times as much acreage has burned so far in 2017 compared to last year. About 2,300 wildfires have burned 25,000 acres so far in 2017, according to government statistics. As of the writing of this article, there are eleven fires burning in California. Four of those fires (the Manzanita fire, the Mart fire, the Hill fire, the Placerita fire) have consumed almost 10,000 acres. It is little wonder with temperatures hovering around 110 degrees Fahrenheit in some place.

Next: EVs Illustrate Problems with California's Ambitious Climate Targets

Related
California's Cap-and-Trade Program is Alive and Well
California's Clean Energy Legislation Hides Problems 
California's Climate Leadership in the Wake of Trump's Abdication
California is Reaping Economic Benefits from Climate Action
California's Climate Leadership and the Losers who Strive to Undermine these Gains

Gov. Brown is Calling out the GOP for its Irresponsible Anti-Science Stance on Climate Change

This is the fourth installment in a series of posts on California's climate leadership. These posts address a wide range of related topics including economic benefits, renewable energy, electric vehicles, and cap-and-trade.

California Governor Jerry Brown unambiguously ascribes blame for climate inaction in the US to the GOP. Republicans currently control the Executive and the Legislative branches of government. The GOP not only ignores climate action they undermine public awareness by subverting the facts.

As explained by Gov. Brown, the GOP has, "a slavish adherence to the non-belief in anything to do with climate change." Brown could not be more clear when he said the rhetoric coming out of Trump and other Republicans is both, "implausible" and "stupid." He went on to ask the GOP, "Where are you? You’re in an ‘Alice and Wonderland’ world."

Republicans are deceiving Americans, they even obfuscate about their climate denial by suggesting they are "skeptics". One of the tenets of their broken logic states that there is a global conspiracy among climate scientists who are clamoring to somehow "cash in". The fact is that scientists who subscribe to a dissenting view on climate change are far more likely to get funding from front groups controlled by wealthy patrons in the fossil fuel industry. Others say climate change requires more study. However, scientists have been studying climate change for years making it one of the most studied phenomena in human history. To all but the willfully ignorant, the science is settled. The consensus among those in the know is about as convincing as it gets.

"The Republicans are committed to global warming as a hoax, or irrelevant, or as not a problem. That is their belief," Gov. Jerry Brown said.

Approximately one-third of Americans do not believe in anthropogenic climate change. It is important to note that roughly the same percentage of Americans do not believe in evolution. We must accept that some are impervious to the facts. Whether this is due to dogmatic beliefs, political motivations or financial incentives makes no difference. We simply cannot afford to wait for the holdouts to come around. They may never see the light and we do not have the time.

"We got to go against the flow [of Republican denial and skepticism]... Because the flow is now leading us to catastrophe," Gov. Brown said.

Brown is standing up to this deceitful party and this egregiously ignorant administration. He has indicated that he is prepared to fill the void in the wake of the Trump administration's defunding of climate science. "We’ve got the scientists, we’ve got the lawyers and we’re ready to fight. We’re ready to defend," Brown said at a meeting of the American Geophysical Union conference in San Francisco. Brown has indicated that if Trump refuses to collect climate data from satellites, "California will launch its own damn satellite". He also indicated that he would protect the state’s renowned science facilities from the Trump administration's onslaught.

Republicans have painted themselves into a corner on the most important issue of our times. To secure funding from wealthy donors the GOP plays politics with the science of climate change. They are shamelessly pandering to the fossil fuel industry and the one percent. This is an assault on the health and well-being of both people and the planet. Such unconscionable conduct will not be remembered kindly by history.

Next: Climate Impacts in California

Related
California's Climate Leadership in the Wake of Trump's Abdication
California is Reaping Economic Benefits from Climate Action
California is the Deal Making Global Climate Leader

California's Cap-and-Trade Program is Alive and Well
California's Clean Energy Legislation Hides Problems
EVs Illustrate the Problems with California's Ambitious Climate Targets
California's Climate Leadership and the Losers who Strive to Undermine these Gains

California is the Deal-Making Global Climate Leader

This is the third installment in a series of posts on California's climate leadership. These posts address a wide range of related topics including economic benefits, renewable energy, electric vehicles, and cap-and-trade.

In the wake of the Trump administration's abdication, California has become the US leader on climate action. The Golden State is reaching out and making deals both domestically and with much of the rest of the world. The state is working with nations like China, Canada, Mexico and Scotland to broaden the scope of climate action.

California Governor Jerry Brown has been emboldened by the Trump administration's failure to act on climate. Late last year at the COP23 climate meeting, Gov. Brown said, "We may not represent Washington, but we will represent the wide swath of American people who will keep the faith on this."

In February the environment ministers of Canada and Mexico went to San Francisco to sign a global pact to reduce greenhouse gases. The deal is being called the NAFTA of climate action.

"I want to do everything we can to keep America on track, keep the world on track, and lead in all the ways California has," Governor Brown said. "We’re looking to do everything we can to advance our program, regardless of whatever happens in Washington."

In April Gov. Brown signed a climate cooperation deal with the Scottish Government. The agreement includes a pledge to share technology and advance political advocacy. California is now a global leader on climate action. "Erasing climate change may take place in Donald Trump’s mind, but nowhere else," Mr. Brown said.

Perhaps most importantly Gov. Brown is working with China to reduce emissions and curb global warming. In April, a delegation from California traveled to Beijing to help their Chinese counterparts to craft a cap-and-trade plan. "We have people working in China, in their regulatory agencies, consulting with them, speaking fluent Mandarin, working with the Chinese government — giving them advice on cap and trade," Mr. Brown said.

In June Brown traveled to China where he signed a historic climate cooperation deal with the world's largest polluter. Brown signed deals with the Chinese Science and Technology Minister Wan Gang Brown and the leaders in two Chinese provinces, Jiangsu and Sichuan.

"It’s very paradoxical that we have a president who says two things: No. 1, climate change is a hoax. That’s his first value proposition,” Brown said. "His second is that it was created by China. And the truth is that China is on a path to do a hell of a lot more than the Trump administration in dealing with climate change. So, if there’s any hoax, it’s in the White House, not in Beijing."

Shortly after signing deals in China, Brown closed another climate deal with Germany. "California and Germany unite the world leaders in the fight against climate change, the existential threat of our time," Brown said in a statement released by the German ministry.

As the leader of the most powerful nation on Earth reneges on his global responsibilities the great state of California is stepping up to fill the void and reap the economic benefits. Trump may try to cast himself as the deal-maker but it is Gov. Brown that is making all the deals.

Next: Gov. Brown is Calling out the GOP for its Irresponsible Anti-Science Stance on Climate Change

Related
California's Cap-and-Trade Program is Alive and Well
California's Climate Leadership in the Wake of Trump's Abdication
California is Reaping Economic Benefits from Climate Action
California's Climate Leadership and the Losers who Strive to Undermine these Gains
California's Clean Energy Legislation Hides Problems
EVs Illustrate the Problems with California's Ambitious Climate Targets
Climate Impacts in California

California is Reaping Economic Benefits from Climate Action

This is the second installment in a series of posts on California's climate leadership. These posts address a wide range of related topics including renewable energy, electric vehicles, and cap-and-trade.

California's efforts to combat climate change serve both human and planetary health but such action also pays lucrative economic dividends.  California is a working example of a climate focused economy that crushes Trump's assertion that the Paris Agreement is bad for the economy. California's prodigious economic growth is directly related to the state's climate and environmental policies. It is important to note that these policies are even more stringent than those called for in the Paris deal.  As explained by California Governor Jerry Brown, "Trump is wrong when he says Paris is bad for jobs. It’s good for jobs. The jobs of the future."

Mario Molina, a Nobel Prize-winning scientist from Mexico who advises nations on climate change policy said, "California demonstrates to the world that you can have a strong climate policy without hurting your economy."

While Trump has opted to walk-away from the most lucrative opportunity in history, California is benefiting from the $19 trillion opportunity associated with the green economy. Led by California's clean energy companies the state's economy is outperforming other states.

As reported by the Washinton Post, California has the fastest growing economy in the country. In 2016 California recorded an impressive annual revenue growth of 26 percent. That is 40 percent better than the rest of the nation.

As the largest state in the union and one of the Earth's biggest economies California carries some clout. California has 39 million people, and its annual economic output of $2.4 trillion make it the fifth-largest economy in the world rivaling that of the UK. When it comes to the stock and bond markets, California has outperformed the rest of the US in recent years and this momentum has accelerated since Trump was elected president.

Contrary to the ill-informed, political motivated narratives of the Trump administration, Bloomberg states, "investors see security in the state with more protections for immigrants and more regulations...No state or country has created as many laws discouraging fossil fuels and carbon while promoting clean energy. That convergence of policy and voter preference is paying off in the stock market."

Many of the state's largest corporations support climate action. Last year, 14 major brands including Levi’s, Nike, Seventh Generation and VF Corporation sent a letter supporting the climate regulations contained in SB 1383. This includes short-lived climate pollutants, methane emissions, dairy, livestock, organic waste and landfills.

"Our support is firmly grounded in economic reality," the letter reads. "We know tackling climate change is one of America’s greatest economic opportunities of the 21st century and we applaud California’s leaders for taking steps to help the state seize that opportunity." Sustainable business group Ceres’ BICEP coalition — this stands for Business for Innovative Climate and Energy Policy — coordinated the SB 1383 letter.

Ceres senior manager of California policy and partnerships Kirsten James told Environmental Leader companies will continue to support the low-carbon economy because it’s a smart business decision.
"California has been a leader on climate policy for more than a decade, and at the same time, we are the fifth biggest economy in the world," James said. "More and more the business community recognizes that tackling climate change is an economic opportunity."

California realizes what the Trump administration fails to understand. Sustainability is a tremendous economic opportunity. While he claims to be their champion, many corporations see Trump is a serious risk-factor.

The economics are clear. The price tag associated with runaway climate change is catastrophic. A cost-benefit analysis reveals the overwhelming logic of preemptive action. We simply cannot afford inaction.

Governor Brown is filling the vacuum left by the the Trump administration's ineptitude and the Golden State is reaping the benefits. Unlike Trump's efforts which benefit the one percent, California's efforts directly benefit its citizens. The state's per capita income increased 9.5 percent since 2015, more than any other state. California has one of the lowest unemployment rates in the nation. Also unlike Trump and his administration, the Brown administration enjoys popular support.

Next: California is the Deal Making Global Climate Leader


Related
California's Climate Leadership in the Wake of Trump's Abdication
California's Cap-and-Trade Program is Alive and Well
California's Clean Energy Legislation Hides Problems
Gov. Brown is Calling out the GOP for its Irresponsible Anti-Science Stance on Climate Change
EVs Illustrate the Problems with California's Ambitious Climate Targets
Climate Impacts in California
California's Climate Leadership and the Losers who Strive to Undermine these Gains

California's Climate Leadership in the Wake of Trump's Abdication

This is the first installment in a series of posts on California's climate leadership. These posts address a wide range of related topics including economic benefits, renewable energy, electric vehicles, and cap-and-trade.

The Trump administration's refusal to act on climate change is a missed opportunity that is being countered by the great state of California. Trump has said he is withdrawing the US from the the Paris Climate agreement and he has decimated Obama-era federal climate action and environmental protections. California governor Jerry Brown has made it clear that his state will pick up the mantle that the federal government has dropped. Shortly after Trump signed his energy plan, Gov. Brown said the president’s, "outrageous move will galvanize the contrary force."

Gov. Brown has put forward a number of initiatives that repudiate Trump's irrational anti-science stance on climate change. "It draws a huge contrast between Trump wanting to go backwards and states trying to take the lead in tackling the climate crisis," Anna Aurilio, legislative director of Environment America, was quoted as saying in the Washington Post.

Gov Brown told the LA Times, "The country and the world is not yet on the proper trajectory. That’s true . . . . I’m using all the resources at my command to increase the commitment." In March Brown said, "No matter what Trump says, China, the world, the academies of science and all the major countries have all recognized climate change. Certainly, businesses acknowledge they have to make these investments. California is well on its way."

Jenn Eckerle, deputy director of the Ocean Protection Council said the state is a leader on climate action. "California leads the way in both addressing climate change and protecting our coastal and ocean communities and resources," Eckerle said.

World leaders, CEOs, scientists and religious leaders all urged Trump to respect the agreement. If nothing else he should have stuck with the agreement on paper as a matter of self interest

Trump's decision to quit the Paris Agreement prompted global condemnation and a hardening of resolve to act on climate change. State and municipal governments have joined corporate America in rejecting Trump's climate ignorance. 

"We are reaching out to other states in America and throughout the world and other countries," he said. "We have plenty of fuel to build this movement." Brown is leading the United States Climate Alliance that includes states like New York, Washington, and Oregon as well as hundreds of cities and companies. This coalition is determined to act on climate change and honor the terms of the Paris Accord.

"I have met with many heads of state, ambassadors," Brown said. "This is a growing movement.…Things have been a bit tepid [in climate activism]. But this conflict, this sharpening of the contradiction will energize those who believe climate change is an existential threat."

"Now more than ever, the nation — and the world — are looking to California for leadership on climate change and air quality," said CARB chair Mary D. Nichols in a statement. "Denial is not an option. We must plan, invest and transform."

Next: California is Reaping Economic Benefits from Climate Action

Related
California is the Deal Making Global Climate Leader

California's Cap-and-Trade Program is Alive and Well
California's Clean Energy Legislation Hides Problems
Gov. Brown is Calling out the GOP for its Irresponsible Anti-Science Stance on Climate Change
EVs Illustrate the Problems with California's Ambitious Climate Targets
Climate Impacts in California
California's Climate Leadership and the Losers who Strive to Undermine these Gains

Event - Sustainable Innovation Forum 2017

The Sustainable Innovation Forum (SIF) 2017 for COP23 will take place November 13-14, 2017. The 8th edition of the SIF will be taking place in Bonn, Germany – the home of the UNFCCC. This is the largest business-focused event during COP23. There will be more than 60 speakers, more than 600 attendees and 80 plus countries represented. Gathering the most influential national and local policy-makers, UN agencies, business leaders, investors and international NGOs, SIF17 is where policy meets innovation, and the ambitious goals and visions of the Paris Agreement will be put into action.

Why Attend SIF17?

With the UN estimating that investments in the range of 5 - 7 trillion USD will be needed by 2050 in order to keep global climate rises to below 2° C in accordance with the 2015 Paris Agreement, this event is a great opportunity to get ahead of the game and play your part in helping to finance a low-carbon future.



With 2 distinctive afternoon streams and a full speaker line-up of 35+ key influencers and experts looking to drive investment in sustainable innovation, the event aims to accelerate the financial opportunities and growth of the green economy.

Learn about all the latest technologies, policies and investment solutions driving sustainable innovation and forge the valuable new partnerships you need to accelerate your own plans. Debate and discussion will be focused around the following crucial topic areas:
  • Renewable energy
  • Decarbonising the transport sector
  • Carbon pricing, taxing & trading
  • Climate finance
  • Resilient landscapes & resource efficiency
  • Sustainable cities
  • Circular economy
For the last 8 years, the Sustainable Innovation Forum has served as a platform for world and business leaders to communicate their vision, demonstrate leadership and make announcements on the latest sustainability-focused initiatives. Don't miss your opportunity to join us this year at this pivotal moment in the fight against climate change.

"We need to prove that protecting the environment is profitable and in everyone's best interests. We can do this by holding up successful examples." – Erik Solheim, Executive Director of UN Environment

The largest business-focused event held during the annual Conference of Parties (COP), the Sustainable Innovation Forum 2017 heads to Bonn, Germany – the home of the UNFCCC. Now in its 8th year, the event will gather 600+ of the most influential national and local policy makers, UN agencies, business leaders, investors and international NGOs to meet, share knowledge and lead by example towards the full achievement of the Paris Agreement's ambitious climate goals.

Debate and discussion around crucial key topics including:
  • Renewable energy
  • Circular economy
  • Sustainable land and water management
  • Carbon markets
  • Climate finance
  • Climate innovation in emerging regions

Key public and private sector leaders will share successful case studies and identify opportunities for future innovation.

Join 600+ leading industry figures in November in Bonn, Germany to drive your business strategy and policy vision towards a more sustainable future.

Over 35 high-level speakers representing both national and local government, as well as the wider finance community.

Partial List of Speakers

Professor Jan Szyszko
Ministry of Environment, Poland

Jos Delbeke
Director General for Climate Action
European Commission

Jeffery Sachs
Special Adviser to the UN Secretary General, and Director
UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN), USA

David Hochschild
Commissioner
California Energy Commission

Ashok-Alexander Sridharan
Mayor of Bonn
Bonn City Council

Dr. Gemedo Dalle, Minister
Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change, Ethiopia

Andrew Steer
Chief Executive Officer
World Resources Institute

Paul Simpson
Chief Executive Officer
CDP

Includes perspectives from:

Erik Solheim * Hakima El Haité * Patricia Espinosa * Dr Hoesung Lee * Janos Pasztor * Barbara Hendricks * Amina J Mohammed * Catherine McKenna * Pablo Badenier Martinez * José Sarney Filho * Guðni Th. Jóhannesson * Kimmo Tiilikainen * Peter Bakker * Siemens AG * The European Investment Bank * Mafalda Duarte * Rachel Kyte * Adnan Z Amin* Younghoon David Kim * Houlin Zhao * Eduardo Paes * Terri Wills * Dr Fatih Birol * José Graziano da Silva * The BMW Group * Climate Leadership Council * CEMIG * Vattenfall * Amundi * ACWA Power * Coca Cola

Satisfied attendees say it best

The 2014 SIF event brought together a diverse group of stakeholders; a most interactive and engaging conference.'

Ron Cotterman - Vice President, Sustainablility, Sealed Air

“The Sustainable Innovation Forum is my favourite event at the COP. Positive, practical and inspiring.”

Head - Centre for Carbon Measurement, National Physical Laboratory

“The Sustainable Innovation Forum is one of the key side events during the COP conferences. I am very pleased to have been part of this outstanding forum, bringing together an excellent mix of speakers and participants”.

Jonathan Taylor Vice-President Environment and Climate Action, European Investment Bank (EIB)

“I thought the event was excellent, bringing together some very diverse perspectives and with a welcome visibility for different age groups, especially the young professionals”.

Joan McNaughton - World Energy Trilema Chair, The World Energy Council

“The Sustainable Innovation Forum gave hope to everyone, as it presented the issue of climate change under the angle of profitable solutions rather than expensive problems.”

Dr Bertrand Piccard Initiator, Chairman and Pilot, Solar Impulse

Register Now and Save up to $300. Click here to register.

To find out more about the event, click here to view the conference brochure.

For further information contact:

Tel: +44 (0) 20 7871 0123
Email: craeburn@climateactionprogramme.org

A Call for Climate Action on World Refugee Day

The refugee crisis is a large and growing problem that will only worsen as the Earth continues to get hotter. World Refugee Day is an initiative started in 1998 to combat hostility in society towards refugees and asylum seekers. This year the day affords an opportunity to reflect on our humanity or lack thereof.

Each year the world commemorates the strength, courage, and perseverance of refugees on June 20. Refugees are people who have endured hell in their home countries, risked death to flee and faced persecution along the way. Perhaps the saddest part of this terrifying journey is the fact that once they arrive in developed countries they are commonly subject to intolerance, prejudice, and violence.

There is an international agreement that was put in place September 2016, global leaders agreed to work towards a Global Compact for refugees in 2018.

Worsening problem

The scope of the problem is staggering. There are currently more displaced people than at any point in history including post-WWll. One year ago today the U.N.'s refugee agency reported that the number of displaced people (people who have left their home but have not crossed an international border) is at its highest ever. The total at the end of 2015 reached 65.3 million -- or one out of every 113 people. There are 21.3 million refugees, 40.8 million internally displaced people and 3.2 million asylum seekers.

Wars are currently responsible for most refugees, however, a strong body of evidence is building to make the point that climate change exacerbates social tensions and contributes to the likelihood of war. This is especially true in the Levant (Syria, Iraq) which has generated the lion's share of refugees.

The consensus view from the US military, the world's largest war machine, says that climate change is real and a major threat to global security.

Current climate refugees

South Pacific island nations are on the front lines of climate change as they are being inundated by rising sea levels. The Solomon Islands and the Marshall Islands are disappearing as the water rises. People have fled the heat in parts of India like the city of Phalodi in the state of Rajasthan. Hundreds of farmers are reported to have killed themselves across the country and tens of thousands of small farmers have been forced to abandon their farmland.

As reported by Think Progress, the Africa Report on Internal Displacement paints a bleak picture for refugees on the dark continent. Led by flooding and droughts, climate change has forced over 1 million Africans from their homes in 33 countries. There are at least 12 million internally displaced people and 5.4 million refugees in Africa. The article went on to say, "in the future, climate change may be the lead driver of even greater displacement."

We often think of climate refugees as hailing exclusively from developing countries. However, there are already climate refugees in the US. In Canada tens of thousands of Fort McMurray residents became refugees when they were forced from the city their homes by a massive wildfire. We need to ask why Fort McMurray burned and what we can do about it.

Trump administration

In 2017 World Refugee Day takes place against the backdrop of racist movements fueling xenophobic political leaderships in the US and elsewhere. Political parties in Europe and elsewhere are pandering to the worst and most hateful aspects of human nature.

It is savagely ironic that those political leaders who are most hostile to refugees are also the same leaders who deny the urgency of climate action. The Trump administration's is a prime example.
A Think Progress article bluntly states, "Trump’s climate policies will create more war, more refugees"

These inhumane political leaders contribute to the conditions that cause climate change. Rather than showing support for families forced to flee they are building walls both figuratively and literaly.

Worsening climate change will make the current crisis look insignificant by comparison. Climate change is a global problem and failure to deal with it on a global basis will have dire consequences.

Join the 1,522,919 who have pledged their support for refugees. Click here to sign the UN petition

Related
The Coming Climate Refugee Crisis
Growing Climate Refugee Crisis in the US and Around the World
Climate Refugees Need to be Formally Recognized
Climate Migrants Will Add to the Refugee Crisis
Climate Refugee Campaign: Postcards from the Frontlines
What is Environmental Migration and Who are Climate Refugees
Video - Beyond Environmental Refuge
Video - Climate Refugees the Documentary

Event - Pac-12 Sustainability Conference

The Pac-12 Sustainability Conference will take place on Monday, June 26, 2017, 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM PDT, 500 David J Stern Walk, Sacramento, CA 95814, United States. In an effort to influence conferences and universities around the country on this important issue, the Pac-12 will host the first conference-wide college sports sustainability summit in June 2017 in Sacramento, California as part of the annual Green Sports Alliance Summit. This event will convene sustainability officers from across the conference to design new collective initiatives and share best practices to transform college sports into a platform for environmental progress.

Recognized as the 'Conference of Champions' for its unequaled NCAA Championships, the Pac-12 Conference comprises the 12 leading universities located in the Western United States: The University of Arizona, Arizona State University, the University of California-Berkeley, the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), the University of Colorado, the University of Oregon, Oregon State University, Stanford University, the University of Southern California, the University of Utah, the University of Washington and Washington State University.

Click here for more information.

Event - Living Soils Symposium Montreal

The Living Soils Symposium will take place October 31, 2017, at Concordia University in Montreal, Canada. The subtitle of this event is, "restore the climate feed the world".

Creating living soils is part of a rapidly expanding movement towards growing healthier foods while restoring our climate and ecosystems.

This three-day bilingual event will bring together scientists, academics, food producers, students, government delegates, NGOs, activists, entrepreneurs, and consumers, to discuss the crucial role of living soils in addressing some of the world's most pressing environmental and social justice issues. These issues include:

  • Climate Change
  • Food Security
  • Water Scarcity 
  • Biodiversity loss
  • Public health
  • Public safety
Land management practices that regenerate soil health have the potential to store billions of tons of carbon annually, restore biodiversity, combat desertification and water scarcity, produce higher yields of healthier foods, and alleviate political instability and mass migration.

A civil society initiative, the Living Soils Symposium Montreal aims to demystify the scientific, practical and political aspects of practices that regenerate soil health. This event will facilitate cross-pollination among attendees of diverse sectors that relate to soils in order to foster innovation.

Most agricultural soils have lost 50 to 70 percent of their original soil organic carbon pool (Lal, 2003).

Depletion of soil organic carbon pools has contributed 78 gigatons of carbon to the atmosphere (Lal 2004) and is, therefore, a major contributor to human-induced climate change.

Land-use change such as deforestation, intensive agricultural methods, and warmer temperatures are all factors that cause soil carbon loss and accelerate desertification.

12 million hectares of productive land become barren every year due to desertification and drought (UNCCD, 2014), an area roughly the size of England.

More than 40% of the global population is affected by water scarcity (UN Water, 2014).

Leachates from excessive fertilizer applications are polluting surrounding water bodies and causing their eutrophication, harming plants and animals.

Degenerative agriculture depletes soil nutrients, which contributes to the 793 million people worldwide suffering from malnutrition, by drastically reducing yields and producing nutrient-deficient foods (FAO, 2015 & 2013).

Land degradation is largely contributing to mass migration, as 135 million people are predicted to be displaced by 2045 as a result of desertification (Global Humanitarian Forum, 2009).

Confirmed Speakers


Meet the scientists, practitioners, and entrepreneurs who will be sharing their knowledge at the Living Soils Symposium Montreal.

Elaine Ingham, Founder, President and Director of Research, Soil Foodweb Inc. Dr. Ingham is currently Founder, President and Director of Research for Soil Foodweb Inc., a business that grew out of her Oregon State University research program. Behind her user-friendly approach lies a wealth of knowledge gained from years of research into the organisms which make up the soil food web. Her goal is to translate this knowledge into actions that ensure a healthy food web, for it to promote plant growth and reduce reliance on inorganic chemicals. Elaine also offers a pioneering vision for sustainable farming, improving our current soils to a healthier state, without damaging any other ecosystem.

Jean-Martin Fortier Owner, Les Jardins de la Grelinette, Production Director, Ferme des Quatre-Temps, Author, The Market Gardener. Jean-Martin is a farmer, educator and author specializing in organic and biologically intensive cropping practices. His award-winning book, The Market Gardener, has inspired tens of thousands of readers worldwide to reimagine human-scale food systems. His message is one of empowerment in order to educate, encourage and inspire people into pursuing a farming career and lifestyle. In his new farming project, Ferme des Quatre-Temps, he has set out to further demonstrate how diversified small-scale farms, using regenerative and economically efficient agricultural practices, can produce a higher nutritional quality of foods and more profitable farms.

Cameron Stiff Director of Finance and Development, Compost Montreal. Cameron is the Director of Finance and Development at Compost Montreal, a socially responsible enterprise promoting the ecological treatment of organic waste to convert it from a liability into a resource. Prior to this, he promoted and supported campus sustainability initiatives at universities across Canada as part of the Sierra Youth Coalition's Sustainable Campuses Project. He has worked on food systems, urban agriculture, climate and sustainable transportation initiatives at Concordia University, where he was recognized as a Sustainability Champion in 2011, and founded and directed Greening Duluth, a community sustainability organization in his neighborhood in the Plateau Mont-Royal from 2007-2011. He founded the Canadian Youth Delegation to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in 2006. He is the secretary of the Urban Agriculture Laboratory, an organization supporting urban agriculture initiatives in Montreal and beyond, and president of the Hudson Food Collective, which promotes sustainable food systems and organic agriculture in Hudson, Quebec. He is currently completing a bachelor in sociology at Concordia University, where he was an ambassador for the social economy as part of the CHNGR program in the 2016-2017 academic year. He is passionate about the transformation of cities towards sustainability and the role that soil and compost can play in that process.

Odette Ménard Engineer and Agronomist, Advisor in Soil and Water Conservation, Ministère de l'agriculture, des pêcheries et de l'alimentation du Québec (MAPAQ). Odette is an agricultural engineer from Ste-Hyacinthe in Quebec who has become the first woman to be admitted into the Conservation Hall of Fame of the Soil Conservation Council of Canada (CCSC). Along the years, Ms. Ménard has had a major role in the promotion of soil conservation in the southwest region of Quebec. She has participated actively in many councils, associations and clubs focused on soil health and conservation.

Vivian Kaloxilos, Owner and Principal Consultant, DocTerre, Program Advisor, Living Soils Symposium Montreal. Vivian has had an interest in the health of the environment from an early age. In university, she studied at the School of Environment at McGill which spearheaded her passion for finding concrete solutions to the environment and food crisis we are seeing today, and ecosystem regeneration became the focus of her studies. Outside of school she studied Permaculture and Agroforestry and practiced the application of these concepts, as these practices offer solutions towards mitigating disastrous climate change and world hunger. Special ecological field work training with the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in 2011 confirmed that applied field ecology was the direction Vivian wanted to take her skills. After a few years of practicing ecosystem regeneration through permaculture techniques, she went to study privately with Dr. Elaine Ingham of Soil Foodweb Inc in order to train in soil ecology, soil microbial microscopy, applied microbial soil regeneration, and high-quality compost, inoculum, and microbial amendment creation. She has since founded DocTerre, a soil consulting service, and laboratory, and continues to work side by side with Dr. Ingham and other certified soil consultants in the field.

Timothy LaSalle, Regenerative Agriculture Consultant, CEO, Rodale Institute, 2007-2010. Timothy is serving as the International Coordinator for the Open Burning Project for the International Cryosphere Climate Initiative and is Co-Director of the Regenerative Agriculture Initiative, CSU Chico. LaSalle has served as the first CEO of Rodale Institute, Executive Director of the Allan Savory Center for Holistic Management, consultant, advisor, and research coordinator for the Howard Buffett Foundation in Africa on soils and food security for smallholder farmers. He is Professor Emeritus of California Polytechnic State University, and former President/CEO, of the California Agriculture Leadership Program where he arranged educational leadership programs in more than 80 countries with heads of state, ministers, and community leaders.

James Sinton, CEO, The Fair Carbon Exchange. James has been working with Dr. Elaine Ingham for two years to speed the implementation of her soil building and carbon sequestering programs in mainstream agriculture. He combined a career in management consultancy with education. His experience in both fields is centered on the application of “Lean Thinking” in manufacturing, distribution, and service. Working with executives in large and small corporations, including IBM, Kodak, Toshiba, Procter and Gamble and Kellogg’s, he has implemented continuous improvement systems that transform corporate efficiency and effectiveness. This work has covered three continents: Europe, Africa, and the North America. James has created and run 6 companies in Europe and the US, working in the fields of management consulting, agriculture, IT, manufacturing and construction. As adjunct faculty in the Business and Sustainability departments of a local university James has developed “Lean” learning systems that result in high retention levels with a minimum of time and effort on the part of the students and faculty. James is the author of the chapter “Using Lean Thinking Approaches to Speed Sustainable Development” in “Sustainable Development” edited by Ukaga, Maser and Reichenbach, CRC Press 2009. After obtaining a graduate degree in Ecology (M.S. equivalent) from the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg South Africa, James founded the government funded South African Seaweed Research Unit that produced sustainably harvested plant growth stimulants which are still sold in South Africa.

Ronnie Cummins, Co-founder and International Director, Organic Consumers Association. Ronnie is the International Director of the Organic Consumers Association (OCA) and its Mexico affiliate Via Organica www.viaorganica.org. OCA is a non-profit, U.S. based network of two million consumers, dedicated to safeguarding organic standards and promoting a healthy, just, and sustainable system of agriculture and commerce. Cummins has been active as a writer and activist since the 1960s, with extensive experience in public education, grassroots mobilization, and marketplace pressure campaigns. Over the past two decades, he has served as director of US and international campaigns dealing with sustainable agriculture issues including food safety, genetic engineering, factory farming, and global warming. In 2015 Cummins co-founded with 60 other global scientists, farmers, and activists, Regeneration International, a network dedicated to mitigating and reversing climate change through regenerative food, farming, and land use. Cummins has published hundreds of articles in the alternative and mainstream press.

Andre Leu, President, IFOAM Organics International. Andre is the President of IFOAM – Organics International, the world umbrella body for the organic sector. IFOAM – Organics International has around 800 member organizations in 120 countries. He is founding steering committee member of Regeneration International, an organization that promotes farming systems that regenerate soil organic matter. He has an extensive knowledge of farming and environmental systems across Asia, Europe, the Americas, Africa and Australasia from over 40 years of visiting and working in over 100 countries. Andre has a degree in Communications and post-graduate qualifications in adult education. He lectures and teaches at universities, institutions, and workshops around the world. He has published extensively in magazines, newspapers, journals, conference proceedings, newsletters, websites and other media, as well as done media interviews.

Michelle Garneau, Professor, Department of Geography, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQÀM). Michelle is the Director of the Research Chair on the dynamics of peat ecosystems and climate change (DÉCLIQUE) at UQÀM. As a professor in biogeography and geomorphology, her objective is to teach the notions of biophysical environment in their entirety in order to expose clearly the inseparable links between the biophysical and human aspects in the context of climate change and their effects on the natural environment, land use and people's lifestyles.

Blain Hjertaas, Regenerative Farmer, Holistic Management Canada. Blain is a third generation farmer on Hjertaas Farm, which was established by his grandfather in 1915. He began in the early 70’s with a high-tech industrial approach to agriculture. After 20 years, he realized this could not work long term. He began seeding grass and custom grazing cows. Along the way, he was exposed to holistic management and that greatly helped speed his learning. Today, his son is involved in the business. The farm has 600 eyes and they custom graze 150 cow/calf pairs. Blain has grown very passionate about the importance of soil health to human and environmental health and his experience speaks for itself.

Click here to find out how to attend.

EL Announces Best Products and Projects Award Winners

On Friday, June 9th Environmental Leader (EL) announced the winners of the 2017 Products and Projects Awards. These innovative and inspiring products and projects are reviewed in an EL report (see link at the bottom of the page).

These companies are shining examples of corporate efforts that add business value in a wide range of areas including efficiency, renewable energy, waste reduction, heat capture, packaging, agriculture, and building retrofits.

These products and projects were assessed by a highly respected (and critical) judging panel, led by Peter Bussey, research analyst with LNS Research. The Awards set an extremely high bar to qualify for an award. Selections were based on the products’ capability, efficiency, ease-of-use, functionality, features, and benefits. Most importantly, assessments are done with a focus on performance.

Products
  • 3E Company 3ESC Supply Chain Solutions
  • Adobe Adobe Sign
  • Banyan Water Banyan Water Central
  • Ecometrica The Ecometrica Platform
  • Enablon The Enablon Value-Driven Platform
  • GAC EnvironHull Ltd HullWiper
  • Gensuite LLC Gensuite Sustainability and Energy Management
  • GridPoint GridPoint Smart Building Solution
  • Ingersoll Rand Ingersoll Rand Next Generation R-Series Air Compressors
  • Johnson & Johnson Acuvue Oasys 1-Day
  • Lockheed Martin Lockheed Martin Advanced Gasification Bioenergy System
  • Samsung Electronics America Samsung Refrigerators – Alternative Refrigerant Application
  • Stericycle Environmental Solutions Pharmaceutical Consumer Takeback Suite
  • Sterilis Medical Sterilis Device
  • Terrapure Waste Volume Reduction Services
  • Thinkstep Compliance Ltd. BOMcheck Substances Declarations Web Database
  • Thinkstep GaBi Software and Data Suite
  • Toxnot Toxnot
  • Urjanet Inc. Urjanet Utility Data Service
  • Xeros The Xeros Commercial Laundry System for Firefighters’ Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) 
Judges Choice for Top Product: Lockheed Martin Lockheed Martin Advanced Gasification Bioenergy System

Projects
  • 3M 3M Brookings Water Reduction
  • Aries Clean Energy Lebanon’s Gasification Plant is Blending Waste and Generating Sustainable Power
  • Banyan Water Banyan Water and Lincoln Centre, a Water-Saving Partnership
  • Caesars Entertainment Central Plant Retro- Commissioning and Optimization Project
  • Cox Enterprises Golden Isles Conservation Center
  • Dell Dell Ocean Plastics Packaging
  • Disney Disney Smart Packaging Initiative
  • The Dow Chemical Company Hefty Energy Bag Program
  • EcoEnergy Reducing Energy Consumption for Home Depot
  • Electronic Recyclers International e-cycleNYC
  • Fetzer Vineyards Regenerating Winery Wastewater with the Help of Worms and Microbes
  • Fuel Cell System Manufacturing, LLC Fuel Cell System Manufacturing
  • General Motors General Motors’ Do Your Part Water Bottle Recycling Initiative
  • KB Home 2016 Greenbuild KB Home ProjeKt
  • Panasonic Peña Station NEXT Solar+Storage Microgrid
  • Resolute Forest Products Mission Accomplished for Toundra Greenhouse
  • Samsung Electronics America Climate Superstars Challenge – Samsung Builds Energy and Environmental Education and Awareness for Torch Club Members of the Boys and Girls Clubs of America
  • Schneider Electric Shedd Aquarium: Building Analytics In and Out of Water
  • SIP Certified SIP Certified
  • Sphera Solutions Santee Cooper Integrated EMIS
  • Timberland Timberland X Thread: Delivering Good with Every Fiber 
Judges Choice for Top Product: General Motors General Motors’ Do Your Part Water Bottle Recycling Initiative
 
Here are comments from the judges about some of the entrants:

Aries Clean Energy: "This could be a wonderful model for the rest of the world. They are using systems thinking to reduce waste, produce renewable energy, capture heat that normally would be wasted, and also producing biochar, which has great agricultural benefits."

EcoEnergy: "This project delivered significant business value for Home Depot. It goes beyond traditional energy management by taking an enterprise view of managing the operational performance of electromechanical assets across the network."

Dow: "The project addresses a problem we have today: what to do with certain types of plastic packaging materials that can’t be recycled like other types of plastic. The initiative is impressive and well-executed."

Schneider Electric: "The application of building analytics demonstrates the opportunity to retrofit historical buildings with state-of-the-art systems that can deliver energy and financial results. The experience in one of the largest indoor aquariums in the world could be replicated by peers."

For more information click here to download the special report: 2017 Environmental Leader Product & Project Awards (PDF).

Event - Geothermal 101 & Business Development Workshop

This workshop will take place on Thursday, June 15, 2017, at Boughton Law Corporation, 700-595 Burrard St., in Vancouver, British Columbia. It seems as though solar and wind take up all the oxygen in the renewable energy space, however, geothermal is an underutilized resource with huge potential for growth. This promising form of renewable energy will be explored at the Geothermal 101 & Business Development Workshop.

Find out more about the schedule, speakers and pricing below.

Schedule

1:00PM-5:00PM

1) Geothermal 101
2) Business Development Workshop
3) Networking Event

Speakers

Katie Huang, CanGEA Elizabeth Lappin, E3 Metals Korie Marshall, Valemount Geothermal Society ​Philip Barton, Boughton Law Trenton Cladouhos, AltaRock ​Alison Thompson, Borealis Geopower

Pricing

CanGEA Members*: $120 (Individual), $100 (Corporate) $70 (Student/Senior) Non-Members*: $200 (Individual)

​1 Year Individual Membership + Ticket*: $180 - Save $50 off membership

*Price includes Networking Event

Networking Event Only: $10 (Members), $20 (Non-members)

Click here to purchase tickets.

Businesses and Governments React to Trump's Exit from the Paris Climate Deal

Trump's decision to abandon the Paris Accord seems to have spurred a wave of climate action. The business community, investors, states, and cities are pushing back against the Trump administration's reckless disregard for climate change.  Prior to Trump's decision to abandon the Paris Agreement a wide range of interests warned the administration to stick with the deal. Trump claims that he withdrew from Paris to protect American companies, cities, and states. However, companies, cities, and states think the president's decision is doing them more harm than good. This includes hundreds of businesses, 150 cities, and seventeen states. Hawaii is the first state to pass a law in support of the climate agreement.

Many CEOs, governors, mayors, and heads of state think that Trump is misguided. This is not partisanship they have good reason to be concerned that Trump's decision to withdraw from the deal will prove harmful to everyone including the country that Trump claims he wants to make great again.

Last year it became clear that businesses support the climate deal. Dozens of corporations including Apple, Morgan Stanley and Royal Dutch Shell all told Trump to stick with Paris. In May, Bloomberg reported business groups, "including 280 investors representing more than $17 trillion in assets released a statement saying climate change must be an urgent priority for all G-20 nations."

The president has spoken but states and companies don't agree with his decision. In fact, it is hard to find a thinking individual or organization that shares Trump's assessment. A diverse coalition is forming and they are rallying in support of the Paris agreement. In what the Washington Post describes as a sharp break with Trump, states, and companies are moving ahead with a coordinated effort in support of the climate deal.

The economics of self-interest are driving many states to break with Trump.  States with renewable energy standards in place have no intention of letting them go just because a climate denier occupies the Oval Office. Some governors have indicated that Trump's decision has pushed them to go the extra mile. New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo pledged to invest $1.65 billion in renewable energy and energy efficiency. California is committed to getting all of its energy needs from renewable sources.

Companies like Apple, Amazon, Facebook, Ford, Google, and Microsoft all contradict Trump's narrative and see the accord as enhancing American competitiveness, innovation, and job growth. Even energy companies disagree with Trump and support the accord. This includes Berkshire Hathaway Energy, Calpine Corp., Exelon Corp., General Electric, PG&E Corp. and Royal Dutch Shell

Hundreds of major corporations sent a letter to Trump asking him to stick with the Paris agreement. A total of more than 350 businesses including DuPont, General Mills, and Schneider Electric said quitting Paris is bad for business.

The scale of the opportunity warrants interest. We have seen tremendous growth in green tech including prodigious growth in the renewable energy sector.  It is estimated that there are $12 trillion worth of untapped business potential through 2030 for sustainability-focused companies.

The reaction from business people connected to the Trump administration was swift and severe. Elon Musk, chief executive of Tesla, and Robert Iger, chief executive of Disney, both resigned from the president’s advisory council after the announcement. Even Lloyd Blankfein, chief executive of Goldman Sachs, tweeted that Trump’s decision, "is a setback for the environment and for the U.S.’s leadership position in the world."

Some business leaders see Trump's Paris exit as having unintended positive consequences. At least one business leader has observed that Trump's decision has accelerated the pace of climate action. As reported by Energy Manager Today, Paul Polman, CEO of Unilever said Trump might have, "done us a favor." He went on to say that, "we're moving faster now than we otherwise might have been." Polman told CNBC that he hopes those remaining on the council will champion sustainability from within the White House.

Trump is becoming increasingly irrelevant for many business, cities, and states. America's allies see Trump as a fool and they are bypassing him altogether. The EU is now working directly with US business leaders and state governors to implement the historic accord’s commitments. China is working directly with California and other states.

German chancellor, Angela Merkel said Trump, "can’t and won’t stop all those of us who feel obliged to protect the planet". The Guardian reports that Merkel indicated her willingness to work with other partners including US companies who were supportive of the deal. Even India has been emboldened by Trump's abdication. Indian energy minister, Piyush Goyal, said: "India’s resolve to take up the leadership of saving the planet from climate change while others abrogate their leadership."

In announcing his decision to withdraw Trump said, "I was elected to represent the citizens of Pittsburgh, not Paris." People in Pittsburgh were incensed when Trump suggested that he was quitting the accord for their city. Pittsburgh has a thriving green tech economy. As revealed in this video many Pittsburghers did not appreciate the president's comments.


Here is a video of some of the remarks of prominent corporate leaders who have criticized President Trump for withdrawing from the Paris Accord.


Finally here is Virgin Group founder Richard Branson's reaction to Trump's decision in an interview with Bloomberg's Cory Johnson:



Related
Trump Dumps Paris Accord Prompting Outrage and Action
If Trump Pulls out of the Climate Agreement Europe Could Impose a Carbon Tax on the US
Why Trump Should Not Quit the Paris Agreement
Trump Represents a Serious Risk Factor for Corporate America
Corporate America Rejects Trump's Climate Ignorance
Business Leaders Advocate for Sustainability and Refute Trump
Sustainability is an Economic Boon not a Liability
Which Side is Your Business On?
Business Benefits from Science-Based Climate Action

Tackling the Problem of Plastic Waste on World Oceans Day

June 8 is World Oceans Day an opportunity to reflect on the importance of our oceans as well as solutions to the numerous threats they face. In 2017 the action focus is plastic pollution. Our oceans are indispensable to life of Earth and fate of humanity is intimately tied to their well-being. Our oceans are hotter and more acidic and they are increasingly unable to serve as carbon sinks. Coral reefs are dying and entire aquatic ecosystems are being destroyed. Norwegian billionaire and ocean advocate Kjell Inge Røkke aptly summarized situation when he said, "the oceans are also under greater pressure than ever before from overfishing, coastal pollution, habitat destruction, climate change and ocean acidification, and one of the most pressing challenges of all, plasticization of the ocean. The need for knowledge and solutions is pressing."

Many of these issues are intertwined. For example global warming appears to be contributing to an alarming decline in the amount of dissolved oxygen in the world's ocean. Low ocean oxygen is part of a feedback loop which sees microorganisms produce the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide. These effects could lead to ocean dead zones that are deadly for a number of marine organisms. It could even lead to a complete breakdown of aquatic food chains. These are some of the findings in a large research synthesis conducted by oceanographer Sunke Schmidtko and two colleagues from the GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research in Kiel, Germany. The research was published in the journal Nature.

Market growth

Plastic (celluloid) was invented by John Wesley Hyatt in 1869, however it was the invention and mass manufacturing of cheap oil based plastic in the 1960s that has led our current crisis. In 1965 we were producing about 15 million tons of plastic each year we now produce more than 300 million tons every year.

The plastic market has averaged 5 percent growth per year since 2000 primarily in packaging. Between 2000 and 2015, plastic used in packaging grew from 17 percent of market share to 25 percent. Plastic is now a $427 billion industry in the US alone. It employs nearly one million American workers and it is the third largest US manufacturing industry. Estimates indicate that if the trend continues by 2050 there will be more plastic in the ocean, by weight, than fish.

Existential threat

Yayat Supriatna, an urban planning scholar who has advised the Indonesian government said, "People don’t understand how dangerous plastic can be." Plastic is toxic and can be deadly. It is estimated that one million seabirds and 100,000 marine mammals and sea turtles become entrapped in plastic or ingest it and die each year. Plastic is already killing millions of creatures and there is mounting evidence to suggest that plastic may be an existential threat to our species.

Plastic has become ubiquitous because it is cheap, lightweight, strong and durable. Its cheapness is due to the fact that we found a way to make it with oil. Its strength and durability are what makes it so dangerous. Plastic bottles in the ocean will not break down for 4 centuries and even then it lives eternally on as "poisonous confetti".

In 2016 a couple of sperm whales washed up on shores of Germany having starved to death due to a belly full of plastic. This is a redux of a whale found dead in the waters off the Greek isle of Mykonos in 2011. Whales are just one of many creatures that are threatened by plastic waste.

As quoted in a PRI investigative piece, oceanographer Curtis Ebbesmeyer, the man who coined the term "gyres" said, plastic pollution, "makes global warming look like child’s play". He suggests that plastic may even threaten the survival of some species including humans.

He explained the pervasive nature of the threat by saying, "We’re all infected with plastic...Molecules from some kid’s plastic bottle, dropped into the ocean in Asia, are winding up in the food Americans eat." This, Ebbesmeyer said could interfere with reproduction in a number of studies including humans.

There has been a marked decline in sperm counts which some have attributed to plastic pollution. This includes the carcinogenic synthetic estrogen imitators contained in Bisphenol A (BPA). Almost everybody has traces of BPA in their bodies. Research suggests that exposure to plastics can even impact the fertility of subsequent generations. Biological scientist, Frederick vom Saal, told Mother Jones magazine, "A poison kills you. A chemical like BPA reprograms your cells and ends up causing a disease in your grandchild that kills him."

Sizable problem

The scope of the problem is mind boggling. There are massive, swirling patches of plastic in our oceans. Some of the gyres hold around 400,000 plastic particles per square kilometre.

We continue to add 8 million tons of plastic to the oceans every year. There are 5.2 trillion bits of plastic in the sea. The problem is growing so fast that in the not too distant future plastic could soon cover half the planet’s surface. In some places there is six times more plastic in the water than plankton. The problem is growing so fast that in the not too distant future plastic could soon cover half the planet’s surface. In some places there is six times more plastic in the water than plankton.

Americans throw out more than 45,000 plastic bottles per minute or 2.5 million plastic bottles per hour. Globally people use roughly one million plastic bags per minute.

Plastic is now everywhere on the planet. Researchers from Australia’s University of Tasmania and the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds found 18 tonnes of plastic garbage (239 items per square metre) scattered across a small South Pacific island 5,000 kilometers from the nearest human occupation.

The threats associated with plastics are significant. University of Tasmania researcher Jennifer Lavers said plastic in the oceans could be as great a threat as climate change. "You put carbon dioxide into the atmosphere or plastic in the oceans and both will stick around," she told New Scientist.

According to an aerial survey by inventor Boyan Slat the problem of plastic pollution in our oceans is worse than we thought. The survey of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, collected over 1,000 large pieces of garbage in under 2 hours.

Government action

France has announced that it is banning all plastic bags, plastic utensils, cups, and dishes by 2020. At the end of 2015, US President Barack Obama signed a bill requiring that American manufacturers end the use of microbeads in products by July 1, 2017 and end the sale of products containing microbeads in by July 1, 2018. In June 2016 Canada's federal government decision added plastic microbeads to the Schedule 1 list of toxic substances under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA), enabling the government to regulate and ultimately ban the substance.

Oceans are not being protected as they should. Taking a page from the oil industry the US the plastics industry lobbyists have been successful petitioned government in an effort to minimize regulatory oversight.

The patchwork of laws and agreements, along with uneven enforcement are problematic. We also must deal with the difficult issue of waters outside national jurisdictions. We need more protections, more science and more transparency.

Business

The problem of plastic waste is a business problem that must be solved by business innovation. Western multinationals like Proctor & Gamble and Unilever, Nestle and Coca-Cola produce much of the world's plastic waste. However, thus far too little is being done to address the problem. "The corporations may offer a bit of charity here and there," Yayat says. "But they don’t really help. They’ll say the environment is the government’s responsibility."

There are powerful incentives driving corporate action. The sustainable plastic market was estimated to have reached $142.42 billion in 2015. In a Triple Pundit article about the new plastic economy Leon Kaye makes the point that the business community needs to drive a transition in the plastics industry.

"There is a large consensus that the plastics economy needs a fundamental rethink and redesign," said Rob Opsomer, the New Plastics Economy Lead with the Ellen MacArthur Foundation, "and that the New Plastics Economy sets an economically and environmentally attractive direction to make that happen."

The single-use plastics industry contributes anywhere from $80 billion to $120 billion in material value losses annually. Further, as referenced above plastic polutes natural environment. This and other environmental problems associated with single-use plastic cost the global economy at least $40 billion a year.

Innovation

There are a number of innovations from the corporate sector that may help. In 2012 Italian company Bio-on unveiled a bioplastics polymer that is 100 percent biodegradable in water and soil. S.C. Johnson & Son Inc. launched an initiative to help build the infrastructure to eventually make Ziploc packaging bags widely recyclable via curbside recycling programs. Ford has replaced plastic car parts with parts made from carbon dioxide. Craft brewery is now making its six pack holders with an edible and biodegradable alternative made of barley and wheat remnants from the brewing process.

In April of this year, the BBC's Helen Briggs reported on a caterpillar that eats plastic.  Researchers at Cambridge University have discovered a plastic eating moth larvae (Galleria mellonella) that breaks down plastic's chemical bonds. It is hoped that researchers may be able to identify microbes in the caterpillar that could be used to dispose of plastic waste in an environmentally friendly fashion. The research was published in the journal, Current Biology.

Alternatives

We know that plastic is very useful, what we need is an alternative to oil based plastics that are not so environmentally harmful. This is especially important in light of the fact that only 14 percent of plastic is currently being recycled. So in addition to doing a much better job of recycling we need to make biodegradable plastics that do not use oil.

A Trucost sustainability focused life cycle report says that plastics cost $139 billion each year. However, it also suggests that plastic alternatives may be worse for the environment. The American Chemistry Council (ACC) funded report is titled, "Plastics and Sustainability: A Valuation of Environmental Benefits, Costs, and Opportunities for Continuous Improvement." The report drew on natural capital assessments and found the environmental cost of using plastics in consumer goods and packaging to be almost 4 times less than existing alternatives (glass, tin, aluminum and paper). In terms of dollar amounts, the report says that non-plastic alternatives comes with environmental costs of $533 billion annually compared to $139 billion with plastics.

However, there are other potentially viable alternatives. One renewable possibility includes hemp and other fast-growing plants containing cellulose. Companies including IBM, Ford and Dell are working to develop viable alternatives to plastics for use in products and packaging. IBM researchers said they have found a way to create cheaper, biodegradable plastic from plants. This follows a plastics recycling process IBM researchers announced last year.

We also need to be wary of false solutions. For example so called compostable plastics are not quite as helpful as it would seem. As explained by Danny Clark, "compostable plastics don’t breakdown and convert into compost or result in nutrient rich soil as the process and name would lead one to believe." Rather than put carbon into the soil, compostable plastics add CO2 (the most abundant greenhouse gas) to the atmosphere.

Circular economy

If it could be made to be viable the circular economy offers the most hope of reducing plastic waste.  The European Commission announced its Circular Economy Action Plan, which is working towards closing the loop on plastics. At a recent World Economic Forum (WEF)in Davos, the Ellen MacArthur Foundation launched the "New Plastics Economy initiative" with the report, "The New Plastics Economy: Rethinking the future of plastics."

As reported by Environmental Leader, this plastics initiative is designed to increase recycling and reuse as well as increase the use of bioplastics. This initiative enjoys the support of some major companies including Amcor, Unilever, Coca-Cola, Dow Chemical and Mars. The launch followed a report that pointed to $3.5 billion in potential environmental savings.

As reported by Thomas Schueneman, new prizes are inspiring innovation. On May 18th 2017, the Ellen MacArthur Foundation announced a $2 million plastics innovation prize in partnership with the Prince of Wales’s International Sustainability Unit. This initiative includes support from more than 40 organizations, including Core Partners Amcor, Coca-Cola, Danone, Mars, Novamont, PepsiCo, Unilever and Veolia. The two part $1 million Circular Design Challenge invites applicants to rethink how we can get products to people without generating plastic waste.

"Working towards circularity in the way we make, use, and distribute plastic packaging will revolutionize the scale of the human footprint on our planet," said Wendy Schmidt, who has already funded two major XPrize competitions focused on oceans. "The value of keeping materials in the economy is massive compared to the losses we suffer when plastic leaks into the very living systems we depend upon for our survival. The New Plastics Economy Prize is a call for creative design and technical innovation at a critical time."

People making a difference

Norwegian billionaire Kjell Inge Røkke has made a fortune from shipping and offshore drilling. He is building the largest and heaviest yacht in the world. What makes this ship exceptional is the fact that it can extract up to five tons of plastic from the ocean every day. Norway's World Wildlife Fund (WWF), will manage the ship which will also be a floating scientific lab for 60 scientists and 40 crew. The ship called Research Expedition Vessel (REV) is scheduled to be completed in 2020 has a number of ecological features that will minimize its footprint. This includes an energy recovery rudder system, medium speed engines, a direct drive diesel-electric propulsion system with battery package, an exhaust cleaning system, ballast water treatment system, low noise, WWF FSC certified woods, and lighting from LEDs.

Related
Plastic Waste in Our Oceans: Problems and Solutions
Green Plastics Report
Infographic - Plastic and the 5 Ocean Gyres 
Video: The Perils of Plastic Waste
The Mass Extinction of Our Oceans May have Already Begun
Chemical Regulation Including Plastics that is Good for Business and the Environment
Plastics and the Greener Cell Phones
PepsiCo Canada's 100% Recycled EcoGreen Bottle Breakthrough
Ford's Flower Powered Green Plastic Replacement
Best Green Automotive Innovations Include Replacements for Plastics
Recycling is a Business Imperative
Water Scarcity and the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse
Assessing the Value of Our Oceans