Showing posts with label COP 16. Show all posts
Showing posts with label COP 16. Show all posts

Video of Steven Chu at COP16: Building a Sustainable Energy Future

Video of Steven Chu at COP16: Building a Sustainable Energy Future



Secretary of Energy Steven Chu addresses the US Center in Cancun. In his remarks he highlights the need to promote international collaborations to find new solutions, use energy more wisely and develop low-carbon technologies.

Despite the resistance of legislators and the ignorance of the American people, Chu indicates that the US is committed to taking action to meet the energy and environment challenge. Chu further indicates that the price of oil will continue to escalate and this will help renewable fuel sources. Chu makes the point that despite skepticism in America, the scientific evidence for climate change is getting stronger.


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Canada's Conservative Government Opposes Kyoto and Hampers Progress at COP16

On Friday December 3, 2010, United Nations climate head Christiana Figueres told a news conference that Canada was opposed to extending the Kyoto agreement. As a result of their position, Harper's ruling Conservative government is holding back negotiations at COP16, the climate change conference in Cancun, Mexico.

Canada has joined Russia and Japan in opposing the extension of the Kyoto Protocol beyond 2012. The refusal of these three nations to extend their binding emissions targets will hamper progress on other issues.

The Liberal opposition's efforts to move forward on green have been consistently rejected by Harper's Conservatives. Stephane Dion, the former leader of the Liberal Party of Canada, unveiled a policy called The Green Shift in June 2008. The project proposed an ecotax on carbon while reducing personal and corporate income taxes. The plan was immediately criticized by Prime Minister Harper.

Liberal environment critic Gerard Kennedy, called the Conservative's recent move to block Kyoto “unacceptable.” He indicated that Canada should be helping to set the agenda, and that it “doesn’t make any sense at all that we should be latecomers to define what happens.”

Canada's Conservative government is at odds with Canadians on climate change. Opposition to Kyoto is but the latest example of the Harper government's refusal to address environmental issues. Not only is a green market opportunity being missed by Canada, the country is impeding global progress on the issue of climate change. Canada has experienced its warmest year ever in 2010, but the Harper government does not appear to feel the heat.


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COP16 Market Based Finance Mechanisms

Despite low expectations for a binding agreement on CO2 reductions this year, participants at COP16 can make progress on a market based mechanisms, as well as incentives to increase the flow of private sector capital. The private sector is crucial to the process as it represents almost 90% of all investment flows.

Although $30 billion of worth of climate financing has been pledged for the next 3-5 years, that is far short of what is needed. The UNFCCC estimates that between $250–380 billion will be needed by 2030 to address climate change.

A great deal can be achieved at Cancun including greater regulatory clarity, progress on new market mechanisms, market-based instruments to facilitate technology transfer, National Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs), and reforms to the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) to allow for further up-scaling and efficiency improvements.

To spur innovative climate change solutions from the business community, participants at COP16 can foster confidence by developing the appropriate regulatory framework and associated instruments. These measures are also vital for the deployment of private sector capital.

Failure to provide regulatory frameworks and associated instruments at COP16 will prove costly. The longer we wait to undertake mitigation and adaptation activities the more it will cost.


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What Can Be Achieved At COP16

Although we are unlikely to see a binding agreement on CO2 at COP16, the meeting in Cancun need not be fruitless.

Participants have an opportunity to discuss a replacement to Kyoto and reduction strategies for non-CO2 emissions. It is also possible to make progress on several fronts including aid for developing countries, technology transfer and a plan to protect forests.

It is realistic to believe that although we will not see a binding agreement in 2010, Cancun could also deliver something that goes further than the pledges in the Copenhagen Accord.

Most agree that COP16 could lay the foundation for a binding agreement in South Africa at the end of 2011.


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Reduction of Non-CO2 Emissions at COP16

Although a binding treaty on carbon dioxide (CO2) is unlikely at COP16, reductions in non-CO2 emissions are viable. Using Current technology we can reduce agents that cause global warming by approximately 50 percent. According to scientists, reducing the non-CO2 pollutants can delay additional climate warming by several decades. Among the non-CO2 pollutants are hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), methane, tropospheric ozone, and black carbon soot.

Reductions in black carbon soot emissions could save many of 1.9 million lives lost each year. Capturing methane emissions from sources such as landfills and coal mines would also reduce global warming and the gas could be used as a source of energy.

It is also possible to quickly phase down HFCs under the Montreal Protocol ozone treaty. The US, Canada, and Mexico have already provided their support for this strategy. At a November meeting in Bangkok, 91 countries signed onto a declaration supporting the use of low-global warming potential substitutes instead of HFCs. This could reduce up to 100 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide-equivalent in mitigation.


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World Mayors Summit on Climate

Urban Leaders will present a pact at the Cancun climate talks now underway in Mexico. Mayors from around the world have signed what is known as the Mexico City Mayors Pact which commits them to reduce urban greenhouse gas emissions.

Cities have a tremendous capacity to address climate change. More than half of the world's population now lives in urban areas, they consume 80 percent of global energy and emit 60 percent of greenhouse gases.

This pact includes the signatures of 138 mayors from some of the world's largest urban areas including Buenos Aires, Johannesburg, Los Angeles, Paris, Vancouver and Jakarta. Five cities have already begun providing sample reports of some key actions, commitments and performances.

In a statement, Marcelo Ebrard, Mayor of Mexico City and chair of the World Mayors Council on Climate Change said, "mayors and urban leaders are on the frontline of the planet's fight against a changing climate."

While this may not be a binding agreement, it is a public promise that will be considered by voters at the ballot box. The pact requires participants to post their commitments and performance online, where city residents can look at it.

The monitoring and verification mechanism is called the "carbonn Cities Climate Registry" (cCCR) which will be operated by Germany's Bonn Center for Local Climate Action and Reporting.

Speaking at the Mexico City summit, Christiana Figueres, Executive Secretary of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC), welcomed the new cCCR mechanism saying it would "help local governments to demonstrate leadership in climate action." She added that subjecting cities to open and independent reviews is a "critical step for monitoring and evaluating the implementation of emission reductions over long-term lines."

Martha Delgado, Mexico City's secretary for the environment said, "Everyone is very excited to participate in this summit because they think that they are going to show national governments that it is possible to have commitments."

Mayors from all over the world are demonstrating leadership through their commitments to lowering emissions. Although most agree that we will not see a binding agreement at COP16, individual cities are taking it upon themselves to lead to way out of climate chaos.


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Yvo de Boer on the Future of the UNFCCC

At the World Energy Congress in Montreal, Canada, Rebecca Lutzy, interviewed the former UN climate change boss Yvo de Boer, on the future of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).

The 16th session of the Conference of the Parties (COP16) to the UNFCCC and the sixth session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (COP/MOP) is being held in Cancun (Quintana Roo), Mexico, between 29 November and 10 December 2010.

After four years of hard work, de Boer left the UNFCCC earlier this year to work with KPMG. When asked about the future of the UNFCCC process and what to expect in Cancun, de Boer was optimistic, saying that he believes that "it should be possible to make practical progress on frameworks on adaptation, mitigation, technology, finance, capacity building, and forests."

de Boer explained that managing climate change is about a lot more than just reducing emissions. "If coming to grips with climate change were only about reducing emissions, then it would make a lot of sense to just bring the 20 or so major economies of the world together in a room and get them to focus on emissions reduction, but...the climate change agenda isn't only about reducing emissions. It's about adapting to the impacts of climate change as well...and then you're talking about the 100 or so developing countries who did absolutely nothing to contribute to climate change but will be confronted with the bulk of the impacts. So...you need a larger group at the table."

However, at the World Energy Congress roundtable, de Boer noted that more productive progress can be made by splitting up issues and having subsets of countries work on specifics, rather than having all countries "at the table" for all discussions.

de Boer also said that companies first need to figure out where they stand on carbon and other sustainability measures and then to respond to the risks and opportunities presented by their footprints.

He stressed that "it's clear that the international community wants to address climate change...it's clear that sustainability is rising to the top of the agenda of governments and companies and of consumers...the environment in which businesses have to operate is changing very rapidly." He used airlines, companies with long supply chains, and beer breweries as examples of businesses that face risks related to their carbon (and water) footprints but also face business opportunities through smart choices in responding to and reducing impacts.


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Greenpeace's G20 Checklist

Greenpeace International was hoping that the G20 leaders meeting in Seoul would honor the promises they made a year ago on climate action and begin cutting fossil fuel subsidies and helping the world to ramp-up the green economy.

In a recent statement, Patricia Lerner, Greenpeace International Senior Political Adviser said, 'This G20 (meeting) is supposed to give a strong signal of support for the upcoming climate talks in Cancun (Mexico), but instead we understand there are moves afoot to backtrack on commitments made a year ago."

Greenpeace issued a G20 checklist that including honouring their promises on climate, closing the gap between industrialised country emission reduction commitments and what the climate science demands. Leaders must also create the financial and regulatory conditions that incentivise a green economy, and agree on the indicators and reporting mechanisms needed to monitor progress.

Another key issue committed to by G20 leaders in Pittsburgh last year and reported on in Toronto earlier this year was the phase-out of subsidies to the fossil fuel industry. A Greenpeace report, written by the Global Subsidies Initiative, reveals a lack of transparency around fossil fuel subsidies. The review recommends that the focus should be on a much wider range of issues than merely revenue maximization.

Greenpeace also called on G20 leaders to invest in climate finance, switch to clean energy and stop deforestation. 'These governments have a choice: They can lead the world to a clean energy future, safe from the ravages of climate change' or they can continue to subsidise the oil industry and accept the human and economic consequences of dangerous climate change,' Lerner said.


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