Showing posts with label health. Show all posts
Showing posts with label health. Show all posts

Trees Really Are as Close to a Panacea as it gets

Forests offer a wide range of benefits. It is hard to overestimate the power of trees to improve our world.  They are an important part of the solution to the climate crisis and they are one of the most powerful tools we have to combat air pollution.

The 3 trillion trees in the world today combat climate change by sequestering 400 gigatons or about a quarter of the carbon humans produce each year. A single tree can reduce particulate matter air pollution by 24 percent. They not only clean the air they also clean both water and soil. They protect fresh water and they enrich the earth.

Forests provide habitat for a wide range of biodiversity and they moderate our weather by stabilizing precipitation patterns, cooling the planet and mitigating against drought. They help us to manage disasters like storms and floods, they combat erosion and they reduce the likelihood of landslides.

Trees are a source of aesthetic beauty and recreational interest the world over. Forests and nature are known to provide a wealth of health advantages including both physical and mental benefits. They reduce stress, contribute to our sense of well being and elevate our mood. They not only make us happier they also make make us smarter.

Trees provide economic and employment benefits along with a wealth of ecosystem services like food, shelter, and oxygen.  According to FAO there are more than 1.5 billion people that are dependent on forests for their livelihood. Trees provide sustenance and allow people to earn their livings through things like fruits, nuts, timber and medicine. Trees are also linked to food security and farm productivity. 

The United Nations’ recognizes the importance of forests which is why they advocate tree management. The Paris Agreement recognizes that forests play an important role in meeting climate goals by removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing carbon in trees and soils.

Much of the life on this planet depends on forests and reforestation offers an extraordinary ROI in terms of ecosystem services and carbon sequestration. Tree planting can also be incorporated into a cap-and-trade, or emissions trading scheme (ETS) program.

There is a multi-faceted wisdom behind efforts to restore forests and protect existing forests.

Related
Trees are Key to Combating the Climate Crisis
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Trump's First 100 Days are a Climate and Environmental Nightmare

Trump's first 100 days have been a dismal failure. Trump failed to deliver on almost every single one of his promises leading many to conclude that the self-proclaimed deal-maker can't seem to close. True to his word he is making progress on one front, depriving Americans of clean air and clean water.

Trumps Muslim ban failed, his attempt to pass health-care legislation also failed. Congress will not finance his wall and nor will Mexico.  Rather than drain the swamp he has made the swamp bigger. The president has rewarded the wealthy on the backs of the poor and the middle class. His one-page reward-the-rich tax plan does not have a snowball's chance in hell of passing and if it were ever enacted by Congress it would trigger economic ruin.

Clearly, Trump does not have a clue about how to get things done in Washington.  Here is a general summary of Trump's first 100 days, by most accounts, the worst 100 days in modern US presidential history.



Trump's inauguration was a gloomy affair heralding the coming darkness. Even before Trump took the oath of office he cast a shadow over the proceedings at COP22.

Early in his term, some had the audacity to suggest that a Trump presidency would not be as bad as it seemed. They did not have the courage to face the truth about what a Trump administration would mean for the planet. However, their naive hopes were quickly dashed. Shortly after the inauguration, his administration purged all mention of climate change from the White House and State Department websites. However, they did leave one reference, a promise to eliminate Obama-era climate change policies.

Trump then picked Scott Pruitt to head the EPA and ex-Mobil CEO Rex Tillerson to be the secretary of state. These two men and other members of the administration oppose science-based climate action plans. Trump’s budget director, Mick Mulvaney, like so many others in the administration, opposes government funding for climate research.

This brings us to Trump's budget which was a declaration of war against environmental protections, climate action, and scientific research. Trump made it clear that he wants to decimate environmental protections and climate action in the US.

In their first month, the Trump administration resurrected dead or dying pipelines (the Keystone XL and Dakota Access Pipeline). Within the first two months, they began eliminating vehicle fuel efficiency standards and then they went to work gutting the EPA with proposed budget cuts of 31 percent.

Trump has broken almost every promise he made except for one, the promise to eliminate environmental regulations

On the one hand, Trump is the most ineffectual US president in history on the other he has wreaked unprecedented environmental damage in his first 100 days.  His Executive Orders have systematically rolled back all vestiges of environmental progress in the US. These are protections that began under Republican presidents. He has ended the era of progressive climate action that we saw under President Obama and he has turned the US into a global climate pariah.

When he was running to be president leading Republican insiders suggested he was not fit to be president. After one hundred days in office, it is safe to say that those who made this statement have been vindicated. Even Trump himself conceded that the job is far harder than he had imagined. One hundred days into his presidency Trump has joined the chorus of those who say he is is not up for the job. The point may become moot if he is impeached for collusion with the Russians.

More than any other president who preceded him, Trump is an unmitigated disaster. However, people are standing up and offering unprecedented opposition.

Even before he was president heads of state, climate scientists and business leaders have all urged him to act on climate change. Early in his term, there was the Women's March. This was followed by the March for Science on Earth Day where scientists and others called Trump out for his war on science. One week later there was the Peoples Climate Movement event that drew attention to his utterly irresponsible climate conduct. Just to make sure we get the point, on April 28th, the eve of the Peoples Climate Movement event, all vestiges of climate science were removed from the EPA website.

Trump's strategy is encountering resistance from some business leaders and the courts are challenging his authority.  People are feeling that it is both necessary and appropriate to protest against Trump and they are seeing that there is power in their resistance.

The situation is grim but we need to try to stay hopeful and keep resisting the incompetence of this administration.

RelatedGlobal Warning 2017: Combating the Dystopia of the Trump Administration
Trump and the Darkness of Post-Factual Media
The Trump Administration is a Kakistocracy

Republicans Trying to Kill the EPA Quickly

Trump drew first blood with an Executive Order that enfeebled some of the EPA's activities, now Republicans are going in for the kill. They recently proposed a bill that seeks to abolish the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Known as H.R.861, the bill has the following self-explanatory title: "To terminate the Environmental Protection Agency."

While this bill is unbelievably destructive for the American people it should come as no surprise when you consider Republican obstructionism for the last eight years and the man who is now President of the United States. Within his first two weeks in office, Trump signed an Executive Order that targeted the EPA.

The nomination of Scott Pruitt to lead the EPA sent a clear message that made his intentions clear. Pruitt has spent a good chunk of his adult life trying to dismantle the EPA from the outside. Now after having been confirmed in committee he gets to destroy the agency from the inside.

The proposed bill that would kill the EPA has moved on to committee. Don't wait to see if it moves forward from there. Call or email your congressman, write letters to your local newspapers, talk to your friends, don't let the EPA go down without a fight. Despite what Trump may say, the EPA is not a partisan body. Both Democrats and Republicans want and need clean air and water. Don't let Republicans deprive you of your basic human rights.

Call the Capitol switchboard at 202-224-3121 to reach your senators or representative, you can also find the direct number to any member's office by consulting the Senate phone list or House phone list.

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Peru's Massive Illegal Logging Industry

The murder of indigenous activists is drawing attention to the massive trade in illegal forest products from Peru. The vast majority of logging activities in the country are illegal. Although Peru has a large rainforest current rates of illegal logging are unsustainable.

According to a 2012 World Bank report, as much as 80 percent of Peru’s logging exports are harvested illegally. Sophisticated wood laundering schemes help to bring this wood to international markets. This involves doctored papers that make the wood appear legal.

The US is among the nations that buy this illegal timber. According to a 2012 report by the Environmental Investigation Agency, at least 40 percent of cedar exports to the US include illegally logged timber. The wood from a single old-growth mahogany tree can earn more than $11,000 on the US lumber market.

The trade in illegal forest products, particularly cedar and mahogany continues. A recent operation conducted by Peruvian customs found large quantities of illegally logged timber destined for export.

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Arbor Day: A Time to Acknowledge the Vital Importance of Trees

As a celebration of trees Arbor Day is an important event, particularly in the context of ongoing forest degradation. The loss of forests are even more alarming in light of our growing awareness of the importance of trees to planetary health. Trees provide oxygen for us to breathe and they sequester carbon thereby combating climate change. We are also coming to a better understanding of the ways in which trees regulate our climate and combat drought.

Arbor Day was founded by J. Sterling Morton in 1872. As secretary of agriculture in Grover Cleveland’s second administration, Morton was a stalwart tree advocate for trees, as he explained “Other holidays repose upon the past; Arbor Day proposes for the future.”

In the US, National Arbor Day is commonly celebrated on the last Friday in April, but many states observe Arbor Day on different dates according to their best tree-planting times. To find out when Arbor Day takes place in each state click here.

In Canada, Arbor Day is known as Maple Leaf Day. It falls on the last Wednesday in September during National Forest Week. However, some provinces celebrate their own Arbor Day. For example in Ontario they celebrate Arbor Week from the last Friday in April to the first Sunday in May. In Nova Scotia Arbor Day is celebrated on the Thursday during National Forest Week, which is the first full week in May.

To find out when Arbor Day falls in different countries around the world click here.

Whenever Arbor Day is celebrated where you are take a moment to understand and appreciate the fundamental importance of trees and forests to life on Earth.

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The Anti-Environment Influence of 3 out of 4 Koch Brothers

There are three Koch brothers who have amassed a long track record of environmental malfeasance and political interference. Well known oil billionaires Charles and David Koch use their fortunes to misinform, manipulate and protect their corporate interests. They are estimated to be worth about 25 billion each. This diabolical duo own Koch Industries, the second largest privately owned corporation in the US. They also have a lesser known brother named William (Bill), he is worth a mere 4 billion but his business interests include petcoke which is some of the dirtiest petrochemical byproducts.

Bill Koch owns the Florida based Oxbow corporation, the world's largest petcoke trader. They donated $4.25 million to GOP Super PACs in 2012, making it the one of the largest corporate donors to super PACs. Oxbow also spent over $1.3 million on lobbyists in 2012.

In addition to the disinformation and lobbying front groups run by the Koch brothers, Charles G. Koch is now looking to get into the media business. Koch is allegedly looking to buy the Tribune Company’s eight regional newspapers, including The Los Angeles Times, The Chicago Tribune, The Baltimore Sun, The Orlando Sentinel and The Hartford Courant. This will increase his capacity to disseminate misinformation and further the reach of Koch Industries propaganda empire.

A fourth Koch brother, Fred sold his share of Koch Industries and obtained an MFA. He is a longtime supporter of the arts.

Charles, David and Bill have each demonstrated a powerful capacity to wreak havoc on the environment. They also use their money and influence to subvert the democratic process. However, as Fred demonstrates, the pathological disregard for the planet exhibited by three Koch brothers, is a trait not shared by all the siblings. 

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Webinar - The Current & Future State of EH&S Regulatory Compliance

The Current & Future State of EH&S Regulatory Compliance: How to Implement Compliance Programs that Reduce Risks & Increase Performance will take place on Tuesday, April 22, 2014 - 11am CT/12pm ET. This one hour webinar will be presented by Enablon, RegScan, and Environmental Leader.

Most companies today manage operations globally, across national borders. Regulatory requirements are constantly evolving and it’s becoming more & more challenging to understand which regulatory changes may impact your company.

This webinar will be hosted by experts from RegScan and Enablon.

Ned Ertel, CEO of RegScan, leading regulatory provider of regulatory compliance services to companies worldwide, will share his expertise on the latest EH&S regulations industries must comply with in the U.S. and across the globe. He will provide insight on how to manage the complexity of complying with multiple regulations in a cost efficient way.

A graduate of Georgetown University Law Center and Dartmouth College, Mr. Ertel joined RegScan in 1999. He has been President and CEO since 2004. Prior to that, he was a Litigation Associate with the Philadelphia-based law firm of Obermayer, Rebmann, Maxwell & Hippel. He also was an Assistant to the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Transportation, and interned in the Office of General Counsel. In 1993, Secretary Peňa gave him an exceptional service award.

Alexis Merydith, NA Product Manager at Enablon, will discuss how technology fits within an innovative EH&S program that goes beyond compliance to improve long term company sustainability. She will also present best practices from leading companies that are implementing efficient compliance strategies worldwide.

Alexis Merydith is the North American (NA) Product Manager at Enablon. Ms. Merydith is responsible for managing the Environmental and Compliance Product Management teams at Enablon NA for the long term roadmap, development, and marketing for the Air Quality (AQS), Water (WWS), Waste (WMS) Environmental Analysis (EA), Regulatory Compliance (RCM), Audit (ACS), and Proficiency (PROF).

Seating for this complimentary event is limited.

Click here to register.

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Video - Sustainable Forest: How Grey County Forests Try to Manage Conservation and Economic Activity



Grey County forests help us conserve important natural habitats while also providing significant economic impact and serving as hubs for recreational activity. Working with OSC Media House, Grey County is creating a series of videos to share the magic of "Our Forest." The "Our Forest" videos will tell the story of our forests by sharing the history of our landscape, demonstrating how we manage our forests and sharing the knowledge of the people who act as stewards of our remarkable natural assets.

Throughout the year, OSC Media House will be producing a series of videos that highlight Grey County's excellent forestry management practices, including the County's FSC Certification, and the many benefits our magnificent forests provide to our environment and our communities.

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Video - Forests = Life



Forests are essential for the survival of people everywhere. They nurture us, inspire us and shelter us. They are also at the heart of sustainable development. In 2012, the United Nations General Assembly declared 21 March as the International Day of Forests to "celebrate and raise awareness of the importance of all types of forests and of trees outside forests".

Featured in this video: - Thomas Gass, Assistant Secretary-General for Policy Coordination and Inter-Agency Affairs, UN DESA - Eduardo Rojas-Briales, Assistant Director-General and Head of Forestry, FAO - Ana Pineda, Spain - Evan List, USA

© 2014 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs

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The Business of Forests: Primer, Tool, Guide and Best Practices

Here are two resources for responsible forest management. The first is a primer, comprehensive guide and resource kit from the Rainforest Alliance on sustainable forest management. The second  focuses on best practices from the nonprofit group, the Center for Sustainable Development (CSD). This group specializes in providing sound, evidence-based information, tools and training for humanitarian development professionals worldwide.


Business Primer, Tool and Guide on Reducing Deforestation


Click here to access the Rainforest Alliance's 246 page primer, guide and resource kit on Sustainable Procurement of wood and Paperbased Products.

Best Practices for Forest Projects

Click here to visit CSDi’s online development community to share resources & collaborate online in developing sustainable, impact-oriented tools and solutions for humanitarian development challenges.

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The Business of Responsible Forest Stewardship

Businesses have an essential role to play in forest conservation. A number of companies are developing policies for sustainable forest management. For the last few years companies like Lego, Mattel and Hasbro have been engaged in responsible forest stewardship focusing on efforts to stop using unsustainable paper products from Indonesian rainforests.

A sustainable forest industry is in the collective best interest as wood and related industries are big business accounting for nearly 1 percent of global gross domestic product. The non-monetary benefits from forests, such as water, energy, shelter and medicine, are estimated to be two to three times as great.

As revealed in the 2013 fourth annual Forest Footprint Disclosure (FFD) Report, companies like Colgate-Palmolive, Groupe Danone, Gucci and Heinz are now disclosing their forest footprints.

The FFD report acknowledged improvements in reporting from a number of other companies including Boots UK, Next, Kingspan Group and Whitbread Group. According to the FFD there has been a 15 percent increase in the number of companies that voluntarily disclose their forest footprints between 2012 and 2013.
Nestlé is another company recognized by the FFD, they acknowledge the problem of forest depletion. Here is part of their statement regarding their development of guidelines for responsible purchasing:

“we are committed to ensuring that we and our suppliers are responsible stewards of the forests we source from. Our priorities in this respect are paper and board, timber, palm oil and soya. In furtherance of these commitments, we have developed Responsible Sourcing Guidelines for the different commodities as well as other measures to ensure responsible purchasing practices. Nestlé firmly believes that through such actions we will improve the sustainability of our raw materials and create shared value across the supply chain from local communities all the way through to consumers.”

Other companies recognized in the FFD report include Nike (clothing accessories and footwear), Sainsbury (food and drug retailers), Kimberly-Clark (personal care and household goods) and Unilever (food products and soft drinks).

Independent of the FFD a number of companies are making headway with better policy that positively impacts forests. Companies including Carlsberg and Avery Dennison have already developed responsible procurement policies.

Even some unlikely players have been forced to come to the table. Asia Pulp and Paper (APP), a unit of Sinar Mas Group, once a forest killer on a gargantuan scale, has suspended all clearing of natural forests across its supply chains in Indonesia. They have also accelerated a pledge to use only trees from plantations by 2015. APP has also pledged to protect forested peatland and use best practice management to reduce and avoid greenhouse gas emissions. Further they will avoid and resolve social conflicts across its supply chain as well as respect the rights of indigenous people and local communities where new plantations are proposed.

Despite the efforts of some, there is still much work that needs to be done to encourage responsible forest management across the board. We need the business community to see the value of responsible stewardship if we are to succeed in sewing responsible forest stewardship into the DNA of companies.

While consumers and shareholders are increasingly calling for change, it may well be that the only way we will see broad spectrum change in the short term is through government regulation that assigns a value to ecosystem services and a cost to irresponsible corporate conduct.

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Woodland Crops: Sustainable Harvests from Forests

Forests are most commonly identified as a source of wood and associated products but very few realize that they are also home to a host of woodland crops. Aboriginal people have known about the vast array of uses for forests dating back to antiquity. The growing importance of sustainability may well prove to be a catalyst advancing the growth of woodland farming. Collecting the forest's bounty (wildcrafting) is different than woodland farming which involves larger production volumes.

The wonderful thing about woodland crops is that rather than cut down trees they need the dappled light provided by the forest canopy to grow. Getting involved with woodland farming generally involves thinning out the forests and opening up the understory. While almost any shade-tolerant plant or fungus will grow in a wooded setting, it is always best to work with species of flora that are indigenous to the area you are farming. 
Forests directly contribute to the life and livelihoods of 1.6 billion people around the world and they provide substantial economic benefits including jobs. Wood production and associated industries account for nearly 1 per cent of global gross domestic product. Non-monetary benefits from forests, such as water, energy, shelter and medicine, are estimated to be two to three times as great. While it is hard for those of us who live in the world of big-pharma to fathom, to this day a huge percentage of the world's population still rely on naturally occurring remedies. 


There are a wide range of opportunities in forests or even small woodlots. This includes harvesting crops, native plant nursery (seeds and planting stock), crafting, and agrotourism. Forests offer great opportunities alongside sustainably harvesting of wood. If you cultivate crops already onsite the initial capital outlay is virtually non-existent.

While there is a dedicated niche market for woodland crops, like any business it is important to know and develop your market. Consider a business strategy that does more than sell woodland crops to a third party for resale. You can radically increase your return through value added efforts and direct marketing.

Here are some examples of woodland crops:

Food

Berries: raspberries, blueberries, blackberries, strawberries
Nuts: Walnuts, hickories, pecans
Mushrooms: Shiitake, lion’s mane, oyster
Others: Fiddle heads, cattails, maple syrup, honey, native fruits, leeks, pawpaw, ramps

Medicinal

American ginseng, goldenseal, and bloodroot.

Ornamental

Hostas, ferns, heucheras, hellebores, daylilies

Others

pine straw for mulch, deadfalls for firewood.

There is considerable value associated with some of these crops. For example, wild simulated ginseng will generate an estimated $20,460 per half-acre after nine years. Organic, forest-grown goldenseal yeilds $2,490 per one-tenth acre after four years and ramps can be worth $770 per one-tenth acre after three years.

Institutions like Washington State University's, Center for Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Resources offer a curriculum on the Sustainable Farming of Woodland Crops. This program teaches forest crop management, Organic certification, crafting, and agrotourism. 

For more information about woodland crops, click here to go to USDA Forest Service site.

Related Articles
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Study Shows Deforestation of Tropical Rainforest Decreases Precipitation
Study Shows that Climate Change is Killing Forests
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What The Business Community Can Do To Protect Forests
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The Lacey Act Combats Illegal Logging
Challenge to the Lacey Act
Scientists Defend the Lacey Act
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Managing Deforestation Through Policy and Monitoring

When combined with the right policies, new monitoring capabilities may significantly enhance our capacity to manage forests. As an homage to the International Day of Forests on March 21, here is a review of forest management policy recommendations and new global monitoring solutions. 

After a United Nations General Assembly resolution in 2012, the International Day of Forests was observed for the first time in 2013. The day is meant to acknowledge forests, trees and climate change. On this day, people raise awareness about the value of arboreal ecosystems and they explore the different ways that we can protect them. The day is specifically designed to incorporate forests into future climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies.


Acknowledging the Value of Forests

Last fall, the UN announced that Sustainable Development goals will replace the Millennium Development Goalswhich will expire in 2015. In his 2014 International Day of Forests message, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said, "As we deliberate on the post-2015 development agenda, let us acknowledge the vital role of forests and pledge to work together to protect and sustainably manage these vital ecosystems." 
 
Forests provide priceless ecological, economic, social and health benefits. According to the UN, forests cover one third of the Earth's land mass and they are one the most biologically diverse ecosystems on the planet. They are home to 80 percent of the world's terrestrial biodiversity incuding a wide range of animals, plants, insects and people.

Forests directly contribute to the life and livelihoods of 1.6 billion people around the world and they provide substantial economic benefits including jobs. Wood production and associated industries account for nearly 1 per cent of global gross domestic product. Non-monetary benefits from forests, such as water, energy, shelter and medicine, are estimated to be two to three times as great.

Forests and Climate Change

In addition to the ecological, economic, social and health benefits, forests play a pivotal role in the health of our planet, this includes oxygen production, water shed protection, and food production.Forests also combat climate change by acting as carbon sinks. While the importance of forests to planetary health has been reviewed by countless researchers, recent researchsuggest this role may be even greater than previously imaged. 

The "Trees Before Poverty Report," reviews the destructive impact of deforestation on climate change. According to this assessment, deforestation accounts for 12 to 20 percent of the global greenhouse gas emissions. 
 
Total deforestation at the 1990 to 1995 rates eliminated approximately 45-50 million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) absorption per year. (This is based on the very general assumption that 2.9 tons of CO2 are absorbed per average hectare of “forest”). Reforestation at the 1990 to 1995 rates added back the capability to absorb only 5.5 million tons per year.

Global Deforestation and Reforestation

You would never know just how vital forests are if you look at the devastating rates of deforestation being recorded in many parts of the world. A total of 13 million hectares(ha) of forest are currently being destroyed annually. Industrial logging, agriculture (including slash and burn) and forest fires are responsible for the bulk of global deforestation today.

An interactive world map called Global Forest Change, created by researchers at the University of Maryland shows that between 2000 and 2012, 2.3 million square kilometres of the Earth’s forest was lost. Indonesia’s deforestation rate doubled from 10,000 square kilometres per year to more than 20,0000 during this time.

According to data derived from the "Forest Resources Assessment 2005," assembled by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), we are rapidly losing our forests. In 1990 there were 4,077,498 ha of forest cover and as of 2005, that number shrunk to 3,953,063. Between 1990 and 2000, we were losing 8,885 ha per year and between 2000 and 2005, we were still losing 7,317 ha per year.

Each day at least 80,000 acres (32,300 ha) of forest disappear from Earth. At least another 80,000 acres (32,300 ha) of forest are degraded. Overall, FAO estimates that 10.4 million hectares of tropical forest were permanently destroyed each year in the period from 2000 to 2005, an increase since the 1990-2000 period, when around 10.16 million hectares of forest were lost.

Among primary forests, annual deforestation rose to 6.26 million ha from 5.41 million ha in the same period. Primary forests are being replaced by less biodiverse plantations and secondary forests.

According to United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization’s (UNESCO) “World Culture Report: 1998," from 1990 to 1995 reforestation accounted for only 11 percent of the deforestation amount, meaning the world regenerated only a single tree for every ten burned down.

In the past few decades the US contributed more to reforestation than any other single country adding 29,000 net sq. km. of forest from 1990 to 1995 or 31 percent of the world’s total reforestation effort.

U.S. Forests

While the U.S. is a global leader in terms of reforestation, the nation is still facing some serious problems. As reported by
ecoRInews, a two-year study entitled "Changes to the Land," by Harvard University’s Harvard Forest and the Smithsonian Institution, development poses quantifiable threat. This research highlights the problems and suggests solutions for U.S. forest management. The research shows that the current rate at which forests are being lost to development in Massachusetts will undermine significant land conservation gains, jeopardize water quality and limit the natural landscape’s ability to protect against climate change.

What we found is that land-use decisions have immediate and dramatic impacts on many of the forest benefits people depend on,” said Jonathan Thompson, senior ecologist at Harvard Forest and lead author of the study. “Massachusetts is an important place to study land-use because it is densely populated, heavily forested, and experiencing rapid change — much like the broader forested landscape of the eastern U.S. The results of the study show that sprawl, coupled with a permanent loss of forest cover in Massachusetts, create an urgent need to address land-use choices.”

The study’s findings point to three policy fixes:

1. Recommitting to land conservation
2. Promoting sustainable forestry
3. Redoubling land-use planning and smart-growth efforts

The study further suggests that a number of benefits can be had through “improvement forestry” and increased forest conservation focused on priority habitat. Here are seven benefits that such efforts could yield by 2060.

1. Limit flooding risks in virtually all of the state’s major watersheds.

2. Protect water
quality by minimizing impervious surfaces such as roads and parking lots.

3. Grow 20 percent more high-value trees such as large oak, sugar maple and white pine.

4. Double the amount of local wood harvested.

5. Maintain a 35 percent increase in the storage of carbon that would otherwise warm the earth.

6. Reduce forest fragmentation by 25 percent.

7. Protect a quarter-million more acres of high-priority wildlife habitat.

The study is going to be expanded to include five other New England states.

On the West Coast, the U.S. faces other problems related to forests and trees. One of the most troubling trends involves the loss of iconic redwoods. These are some of the most majestic trees on Earth, they can live for thousands of years and grow to a height of 350 feet.
As part of the quest to expand grape yielding vineyards, Gristreports that wineries are cutting down trees in California including the redwoods. Although they have been challenged by environmentalists, Artesa Vineyards and Winery has already secured permission from California’s Department of Forestry and Fire Protection to cut down thousands of trees in Sonoma County. 
 
While it is widely known that illegal logging and poaching of trees is rampant in many parts of the world it is also occurring in the U.S. One of the most egregious examples involves California's redwoods. As reported in the New York Times, poachers have been clandestinely cutting away at redwoods. The poachers are removing burls and bunions which can be incredibly damaging to the ancient trees and the local environment. To help address the problem, roads through the Redwood forests are being closed at night when most of the poaching occurs.

WRI Forest Monitoring Tool

There are promising new tools being developed that will help to manage forests. An important part of managing forests involves being able to monitor them. On February 20, 2014, World Resources Institute (WRI) announced the release of a tool that may revolutionize forest monitoring. The platform is called Global Forest Watchand it draws on a wide array of big data. This is the first tool to monitor global forests on a monthly basis which allows for a response time almost as deforestation occurs.

Global Forest Watch crunches vast amounts of data and includes almost 700,000 Landsat images as well as data from other sources. The result is a high resolution map that reveals changes in forest cover anywhere in the world. The platform is similar to the system Brazil has used to help reduce deforestation by nearly 80 percent since 2004. The site will be publicly launched later this year.

While we are far from doing a good job at managing our forests, when combined with responsible policy, these new monitoring systems give us hope that we may be able to do a better job going forward.

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